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BIOLOGICAL-INTEGRATED
PEST MANAGEMENT
AND INSECT IDENTIFICATION 1
The
Biological and Integrated Control of Pest Arthropods, Weeds, Molluscs and
Vertebrates
Emphasizing the Classical
Approach by the Use of Imported Natural Enemies
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GENERAL
INDEX
Database List Major
Categories Biological Control Topics [Other Web Sites]
|
Mycology
(Bacteria, Slime Molds, Fungi) |
PRINCIPAL
NATURAL ENEMY GROUPS |
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GLOSSARY (Scientific Terms) Beneficial
Species: Photos/Drawings
POOLED REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIES GENERAL REFERENCES MAP Links
Introductory Biological Control ENTOMOLOGY (An Introduction)
E. F. Legner
Publications List of Indexes
PREFACE
Biological control as a discipline
had its significant beginnings in the 19th Century and continues to grow in scope
and achievements. The importance of
natural enemy components in effective agroecosystem
management is increasingly recognized.
This first organization of a textbook focuses on natural enemies to
provide a sound foundation for those pursuing biological and integrated
control professionally, particularly with emphasis on those aspects which
have yielded the greatest number of control successes: the acquisition, culture, establishment
and manipulation of new natural enemy species: Classical Biological Control.
Text accompanying each section is
paraphrased from cited references. No
claim is made that the bibliography associated with each subject is complete;
citations are not meant to include all material published on a particular
subject; however, cross-referencing
should access over 95% of the known literature. Early literature is also stressed because the natural enemies
and techniques developed offer viable pest control strategies in the wake of
the eclipse on biological control wrought by several decades of
broad-spectrum pesticide deployment and diversion to genetic
manipulation. Research on host or
prey organisms that is pertinent to a fuller understanding of natural enemies
and their culture is included.
Scientific names are temporarily those used in cited references, while
an up-dating effort is still in progress.
A great quantity of material has been compiled in this work, and its
wide scope should meet the needs of the most exacting practitioner. The categories selected for this First
Edition may be changed in succeeding editions, and pertinent references for
each category will be included as they are found in the literature. Ideas expressed herein that are
attributable to cited authors shall be noted as such and duly credited to
them. The General Index will serve to
link the various categories. For additions and corrections to this database please
contact the following for
consideration
e.legner@ucr.edu ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following
researchers, who through the middle of the 20th Century and beyond untiringly
inspired the goals of biological control and made significant original
contributions to a solid foundation for this field, are gratefully
acknowledged: Professors D. P.
Annecke, A. P. Arthur, R. R. Askew, B. R. Bartlett, E. C. Bay, B. P. Beirne,
F. D. Bennett, T. S. Bellows Jr., E. Biliotti, F. S. Bodenheimer, D. W.
Clancy, C. P. Clausen, H. Compere, H.
C. Coppel, P. H. DeBach, E. I. Dietrich, R. L. Doutt, H. El-Heneidy, F. M.
Eskafi, S. E. Flanders, T. W. Fisher, C. A. Fleschner, J. M. Franz, D.
Gerling, M. A. Ghani, R. D. Goeden, G. Gordh, S. Gothilf, D. J. Greathead, A.
T. Gukasjan, K. S. Hagen, I. M. Hall, D. E. Hardy, I. Harpaz, P. Harris, W.
J. Hauser, A. M. Heimpel, I. Hodek, M. Hoddle, J. K. Holloway, C. P. Hoyt, C.
B. Huffaker, B. Hurpin, A. Jimenez-Jimenez, M. Kogan, E. F. Knipling, A.
Krieg, M. Laird, J. J. Lipa, C. W. McCoy, Maldonado-Capriles, E. F. Legner,
E. Mellini, P. S. Messenger, I. Moore,
M. H. Muma, E. S. Narayanan, A. J. Nicholson, P. Nuorteva, E. R. Oatman, G.
A. Olton, R. E. Orth, D. Pimentel, H. Pschorn-Walcher, V. P. Rao, E. Rivnay,
D. Rosen, G. Salt, E. I. Schlinger, A. Silveira-Guido, F. Silvestri, F. J.
Simmonds, H. W. Simmonds, R. D. Sjogren, W. A. Smirnoff, H. S. Smith, M. E.
Solomon, P. Starý, E. A. Steinhaus, E. Swirski, M. D. Tadic, M. Tanaka, T. H. C. Taylor, N. A. Telenga,
S. V. Trjapitzin, S-C. Tsai, C. Vago,
R. van den Bosch, G. Viggiani, G. A. Viktorov, L. Walters, D. F. Waterhouse,
J. Weiser, S. K. Wiackowski, F. Wilson, G. N. Wolcott, B. J. Wood, J. B. Woolley, K. Yasumatsu, and Hyo-sok
Yu. Further
acknowledgment and appreciation are made to Professors M. T. AliNiazee, L.
Andrés, R. C. Axtell, R. Baronowski, T. S. Bellows, D. M. Benjamin, J. S. Bernal, L. E. Caltagirone, K. P.
Carl, D. A. Chant, L. D. Charlet, A. Chiri, B. A. Croft, D. L. Davis, J. J.
Drea, A. T. Drooz, A. El-Heneidy, L. E. Ehler, K. Fabritius, B. A. Federici, D. C. Force, B. Freier, S. Frommer,
R. Garcia, C. Geden, U. Gerson, R. D. Goeden, D. Gonzalez, R. R. Granados, P.
D. Greany, S. A. Hassan, B. A. Hawkins, D. H. Headrick, Y. Hirose,
M. M. T. Hokkanen, M. A. Hoy, J. Huber, C. M. Ignoffo, M. W. Johnson, H.
Kajita, R. Klunker, J. Lasalle, L. M. LeBeck, S. Long, R. F. Luck, J. C. Luhman, M. Mackauer, J. A. McMurtry,
R. A. Medved, J. W. Mertins, P. B. Morgan, B. A. Mullens, Y. Murakami, S.
Nagarkatti, R. S. Patterson, W. Peet, J. J.
Petersen, R. L. Pienkowski, D. Pimentel, G. O. Poinar, Jr., , H. T. Reynolds,
R. Ripa.-Schaul, D. A. Rutz, R. B. Ryan, M. F. Schuster, H. H. Shorey, R.
Stouthamer, S. N. Thompson, P. H. Timberlake, T. Tretiakova, M.
Tyndale-Biscoe, T. R. Unruh, J. C.
van Lenteren, R. L., Ridgway, J., Ridsdill-Smith, S. B. Vinson, M. Wallace,
R. W. Warkentin, R. M. Weseloh, G. Wylie, M. Wysoki, and G. Zinna for their encouragement and counsel. The assistance of the Beneficial
Insectary & Rincon-Vitova Insectary was also vital in the acquisition and
storage of data. In particular, the
encouragement of Everett Dietrick, Sinthya Penn
and Glenn Scriven was crucial. Max
Badgley and Ernest White created many of the photographic illustrations wilst
directing the Quarantine Insectary at The University of California. - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Files were
created in Microsoft Word 2000.
Italics are represented in underlined or true italics format. Non-English references are given in English
whenever possible, or in French, German, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese,
each with characteristic letters and accents. The Czech alphabet, because of its phonetic quality, is used to
cite references in Slavic languages.
This database is progressively
corrected, updated, distributed free of charge; and should not be
reviewed, abstracted or quoted without agreement of the cited authors and or
publishers. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PURPOSE
OF WEBSITE
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